Anexo:Líderes en efectividad en las Grandes Ligas de Béisbol

Las Grandes Ligas reconocen cada temporada al lanzador líder en efectividad o porcentaje de carreras limpias permitidas tanto en la Liga Nacional como en la Liga Americana.

El porcentaje de carreras limpias permitidas también conocido como "average de carreras limpias permitidas" (se anota como ERA por sus siglas en inglés; Earned Run Average). Como su nombre lo indica es el promedio de carreras que un lanzador admite en un juego. Resulta de la multiplicación de las carreras admitidas (anotadas sin la intervención de un error) por nueve (número de innings que dura un juego), y dividida la cantidad resultante entre el número de innings lanzados efectivamente. Por ejemplo si un lanzador admite 6 carreras en siete episodios : 6x9= 54/7 = 7.71 ERA


Liga Americana
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1901 Cy Young Boston Americans 1.62
1902 Ed Siever Detroit Tigers 1.91
1903 Earl Moore Cleveland Naps 1.74
1904 Addie Joss Cleveland Naps 1.59
1905 Rube Waddell Philadelphia Athletics 1.48
1906 Doc White Chicago White Sox 1.52
1907 Ed Walsh Chicago White Sox 1.60
1908 Addie Joss Cleveland Naps 1.16
1909 Harry Krause Philadelphia Athletics 1.39
1910 Ed Walsh Chicago White Sox 1.27
1911 Vean Gregg Cleveland Naps 1.80
1912 Walter Johnson Washington Senators 1.39
1913 Walter Johnson Washington Senators 1.14
1914 Dutch Leonard Boston Red Sox 0.96
1915 Smokey Joe Wood Boston Red Sox 1.49
1916 Babe Ruth Boston Red Sox 1.75
1917 Eddie Cicotte Chicago White Sox 1.53
1918 Walter Johnson Washington Senators 1.27
1919 Walter Johnson Washington Senators 1.49
1920 Bob Shawkey New York Yankees 2.45
1921 Red Faber Chicago White Sox 2.48
1922 Red Faber Chicago White Sox 2.81
1923 Stan Coveleski Cleveland Indians 2.76
1924 Walter Johnson Washington Senators 2.72
1925 Stan Coveleski Washington Senators 2.84
1926 Lefty Grove Philadelphia Athletics 2.51
1927 Wilcy Moore New York Yankees 2.28
1928 Garland Braxton Washington Senators 2.51
1929 Lefty Grove Philadelphia Athletics 2.81
1930 Lefty Grove Philadelphia Athletics 2.54
1931 Lefty Grove Philadelphia Athletics 2.06
1932 Lefty Grove Philadelphia Athletics 2.84
1933 Mel Harder Cleveland Indians 2.95
1934 Lefty Gomez New York Yankees 2.33
1935 Lefty Grove Boston Red Sox 2.70
1936 Lefty Grove Boston Red Sox 2.81
1937 Lefty Gomez New York Yankees 2.33
1938 Lefty Grove Boston Red Sox 3.08
1939 Lefty Grove Boston Red Sox 2.54
1940 Bob Feller Cleveland Indians 2.61
1941 Thornton Lee Chicago White Sox 2.37
1942 Ted Lyons Chicago White Sox 2.10
1943 Spud Chandler New York Yankees 1.64
1944 Dizzy Trout Detroit Tigers 2.12
1945 Hal Newhouser Detroit Tigers 1.81
1946 Hal Newhouser Detroit Tigers 1.94
1947 Joe Haynes Chicago White Sox 2.42
1948 Gene Bearden Cleveland Indians 2.43
1949 Mike Garcia Cleveland Indians 2.36
1950 Early Wynn Cleveland Indians 3.20
1951 Saul Rogovin Chicago White Sox
Detroit Tigers		 2.78
1952 Allie Reynolds New York Yankees 2.06
1953 Ed Lopat New York Yankees 2.42
1954 Mike Garcia Cleveland Indians 2.64
1955 Billy Pierce Chicago White Sox 1.97
1956 Whitey Ford New York Yankees 2.47
1957 Bobby Shantz New York Yankees 2.45
1958 Whitey Ford New York Yankees 2.01
1959 Hoyt Wilhelm Baltimore Orioles 2.19
1960 Frank Baumann Chicago White Sox 2.67
1961 Dick Donovan Washington Senators 2.40
1962 Hank Aguirre Detroit Tigers 2.21
1963 Gary Peters Chicago White Sox 2.33
1964 Dean Chance Los Angeles Angels 1.65
1965 Sam McDowell Cleveland Indians 2.18
1966 Gary Peters Chicago White Sox 1.98
1967 Joe Horlen Chicago White Sox 2.06
1968 Luis Tiant Cleveland Indians 1.60
1969 Dick Bosman Washington Senators 2.19
1970 Diego Seguí Oakland Athletics 2.56
1971 Vida Blue Oakland Athletics 1.82
1972 Luis Tiant Boston Red Sox 1.91
1973 Jim Palmer Baltimore Orioles 2.40
1974 Catfish Hunter Oakland Athletics 2.49
1975 Jim Palmer Baltimore Orioles 2.09
1976 Mark Fidrych Detroit Tigers 2.34
1977 Frank Tanana California Angels 2.54
1978 Ron Guidry New York Yankees 1.74
1979 Ron Guidry New York Yankees 2.78
1980 Rudy May New York Yankees 2.46
1981 Sammy Stewart Baltimore Orioles 2.32
1982 Rick Sutcliffe Cleveland Indians 2.96
1983 Rick Honeycutt Texas Rangers 2.42
1984 Mike Boddicker Baltimore Orioles 2.79
1985 Dave Stieb Toronto Blue Jays 2.48
1986 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 2.48
1987 Jimmy Key Toronto Blue Jays 2.76
1988 Allan Anderson Minnesota Twins 2.45
1989 Bret Saberhagen Kansas City Royals 2.16
1990 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 1.93
1991 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 2.62
1992 Roger Clemens Boston Red Sox 2.41
1993 Kevin Appier Kansas City Royals 2.56
1994 Steve Ontiveros Oakland Athletics 2.65
1995 Randy Johnson Seattle Mariners 2.48
1996 Juan Guzmán Toronto Blue Jays 2.93
1997 Roger Clemens Toronto Blue Jays 2.05
1998 Roger Clemens Toronto Blue Jays 2.65
1999 Pedro Martínez Boston Red Sox 2.07
2000 Pedro Martínez Boston Red Sox 1.74
2001 Freddy García Seattle Mariners 3.05
2002 Pedro Martínez Boston Red Sox 2.26
2003 Pedro Martínez Boston Red Sox 2.22
2004 Johan Santana Minnesota Twins 2.61
2005 Kevin Millwood Cleveland Indians 2.86
2006 Johan Santana Minnesota Twins 2.77
2007 John Lackey Los Angeles Angels 3.01
2008 Cliff Lee Cleveland Indians 2.54
2009 Zack Greinke Kansas City Royals 2.16
2010 Félix Hernández Seattle Mariners 2.27
2011 Justin Verlander Detroit Tigers 2.40
2012 David Price Tampa Bay Rays 2.56
2013 Aníbal Sánchez Detroit Tigers 2.57
2014 Félix Hernández Seattle Mariners 2.14
2015 David Price Detroit Tigers/Toronto Blue Jays 2.45
2016 Aaron Sanchez Toronto Blue Jays 3.00
2017 Corey Kluber Cleveland Indians 2.25
2018 Blake Snell Tampa Bay Rays 1.89
2019 Gerrit Cole Houston Astros 2.50
2020 Shane Bieber Cleveland Indians 1.63

Liga Nacional
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1876 George Bradley St. Louis Brown Stockings 1.23
1877 James Bond Boston Red Caps 2.11
1878 John Montgomery Ward Providence Grays 1.51
1879 James Bond Boston Red Caps 1.96
1880 Tim Keefe Troy Trojans 0.86
1881 Stomp Wiedman Detroit Wolverines 1.80
1882 Larry Corcoran Chicago White Stockings 1.95
1883 Jim "Mayo" McCormick Cleveland Blues 1.84
1884 Charley Radbourn Providence Grays 1.38
1885 Tim Keefe New York Giants 1.58
1886 Henry Boyle St. Louis Maroons 1.76
1887 Dan Casey Philadelphia Quakers 2.86
1888 Tim Keefe New York Giants 1.74
1889 John Clarkson Boston Beaneaters 2.73
1890 Billy Rhines Cincinnati Reds 1.95
1891 John Ewing New York Giants 2.27
1892 Cy Young Cleveland Spiders 1.93
1893 Ted Breitenstein St. Louis Browns 3.18
1894 Amos Rusie New York Giants 2.78
1895 Al Maul Washington Senators 2.45
1896 Billy Rhines Cincinnati Reds 2.45
1897 Amos Rusie New York Giants 2.54
1898 Clark Griffith Chicago Orphans 1.88
1899 Vic Willis Boston Beaneaters 2.50
1900 Rube Waddell Pittsburgh Pirates 2.37
1901 Jesse Tannehill Pittsburgh Pirates 2.18
1902 Jack Taylor Chicago Orphans 1.33
1903 Sam Leever Pittsburgh Pirates 2.06
1904 Joe McGinnity New York Giants 1.61
1905 Christy Mathewson New York Giants 1.28
1906 Mordecai Brown Chicago Cubs 1.04
1907 Jack Pfiester Chicago Cubs 1.15
1908 Christy Mathewson New York Giants 1.43
1909 Christy Mathewson New York Giants 1.14
1910 King Cole Chicago Cubs 1.80
1911 Christy Mathewson New York Giants 1.99
1912 Jeff Tesreau New York Giants 1.96
1913 Christy Mathewson New York Giants 2.06
1914 Bill Doak St. Louis Cardinals 1.72
1915 Pete Alexander Philadelphia Phillies 1.22
1916 Pete Alexander Philadelphia Phillies 1.55
1917 Fred Anderson New York Giants 1.44
1918 Hippo Vaughn Chicago Cubs 1.74
1919 Pete Alexander Chicago Cubs 1.72
1920 Pete Alexander Chicago Cubs 1.91
1921 Bill Doak St. Louis Cardinals 2.59
1922 Phil Douglas New York Giants 2.63
1923 Dolf Luque Cincinnati Reds 1.93
1924 Dazzy Vance Brooklyn Robins 2.16
1925 Dolf Luque Cincinnati Reds 2.63
1926 Ray Kremer Pittsburgh Pirates 2.61
1927 Ray Kremer Pittsburgh Pirates 2.47
1928 Dazzy Vance Brooklyn Robins 2.09
1929 Bill Walker New York Giants 3.09
1930 Dazzy Vance Brooklyn Robins 2.61
1931 Bill Walker New York Giants 2.26
1932 Lon Warneke Chicago Cubs 2.37
1933 Carl Hubbell New York Giants 1.66
1934 Carl Hubbell New York Giants 2.30
1935 Cy Blanton Pittsburgh Pirates 2.58
1936 Carl Hubbell New York Giants 2.31
1937 Jim Turner Boston Bees 2.38
1938 Bill Lee Chicago Cubs 2.66
1939 Bucky Walters Cincinnati Reds 2.29
1940 Bucky Walters Cincinnati Reds 2.48
1941 Elmer Riddle Cincinnati Reds 2.24
1942 Mort Cooper St. Louis Cardinals 1.78
1943 Max Lanier St. Louis Cardinals 1.90
1944 Ed Heusser Cincinnati Reds 2.38
1945 Ray Prim Chicago Cubs 2.40
1946 Howie Pollet St. Louis Cardinals 2.10
1947 Warren Spahn Boston Braves 2.33
1948 Harry Brecheen St. Louis Cardinals 2.24
1949 Dave Koslo New York Giants 2.50
1950 Sal Maglie New York Giants 2.71
1951 Chet Nichols Boston Braves 2.88
1952 Hoyt Wilhelm New York Giants 2.43
1953 Warren Spahn Milwaukee Braves 2.10
1954 Johnny Antonelli New York Giants 2.30
1955 Bob Friend Pittsburgh Pirates 2.83
1956 Lew Burdette Milwaukee Braves 2.70
1957 Johnny Podres Brooklyn Dodgers 2.66
1958 Stu Miller San Francisco Giants 2.47
1959 Sam Jones San Francisco Giants 2.83
1960 Mike McCormick San Francisco Giants 2.70
1961 Warren Spahn Milwaukee Braves 3.02
1962 Sandy Koufax Los Angeles Dodgers 2.54
1963 Sandy Koufax Los Angeles Dodgers 1.88
1964 Sandy Koufax Los Angeles Dodgers 1.74
1965 Sandy Koufax Los Angeles Dodgers 2.04
1966 Sandy Koufax Los Angeles Dodgers 1.73
1967 Phil Niekro Atlanta Braves 1.87
1968 Bob Gibson St. Louis Cardinals 1.12
1969 Juan Marichal San Francisco Giants 2.10
1970 Tom Seaver New York Mets 2.82
1971 Tom Seaver New York Mets 1.76
1972 Steve Carlton Philadelphia Phillies 1.97
1973 Tom Seaver New York Mets 2.08
1974 Buzz Capra Atlanta Braves 2.28
1975 Randy Jones San Diego Padres 2.24
1976 John Denny St. Louis Cardinals 2.52
1977 John Candelaria Pittsburgh Pirates 2.34
1978 Craig Swan New York Mets 2.43
1979 J. R. Richard Houston Astros 2.71
1980 Don Sutton Los Angeles Dodgers 2.20
1981 Nolan Ryan Houston Astros 1.69
1982 Steve Rogers Montreal Expos 2.40
1983 Atlee Hammaker San Francisco Giants 2.25
1984 Alejandro Pena Los Angeles Dodgers 2.48
1985 Dwight Gooden New York Mets 1.53
1986 Mike Scott Houston Astros 2.22
1987 Nolan Ryan Houston Astros 2.76
1988 Joe Magrane St. Louis Cardinals 2.18
1989 Scott Garrelts San Francisco Giants 2.28
1990 Danny Darwin Houston Astros 2.21
1991 Dennis Martínez Montreal Expos 2.39
1992 Bill Swift San Francisco Giants 2.08
1993 Greg Maddux Atlanta Braves 2.36
1994 Greg Maddux Atlanta Braves 1.56
1995 Greg Maddux Atlanta Braves 1.63
1996 Kevin Brown Florida Marlins 1.89
1997 Pedro Martínez Montreal Expos 1.90
1998 Greg Maddux Atlanta Braves 2.22
1999 Randy Johnson Arizona Diamondbacks 2.48
2000 Kevin Brown Los Angeles Dodgers 2.58
2001 Randy Johnson Arizona Diamondbacks 2.49
2002 Randy Johnson Arizona Diamondbacks 2.32
2003 Jason Schmidt San Francisco Giants 2.34
2004 Jake Peavy San Diego Padres 2.27
2005 Roger Clemens Houston Astros 1.87
2006 Roy Oswalt Houston Astros 2.98
2007 Jake Peavy San Diego Padres 2.54
2008 Johan Santana New York Mets 2.53
2009 Chris Carpenter St. Louis Cardinals 2.24
2010 Josh Johnson Florida Marlins 2.30
2011 Clayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 2.28
2012 Clayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 2.53
2013 Clayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 1.83
2014 Clayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 1.77
2015 Zack Greinke Los Angeles Dodgers 1.66
2016 Kyle Hendricks Chicago Cubs 2.13
2017 Clayton Kershaw Los Angeles Dodgers 2.31
2018 Jacob deGrom New York Mets 1.70
2019 Hyun-Jin Ryu Los Angeles Dodgers 2.32
2020 Trevor Bauer Cincinnati Reds 1.73

American Association
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1882 Denny Driscoll Pittsburgh Alleghenys 1.21
1883 Will White Cincinnati Red Stockings 2.09
1884 Guy Hecker Louisville Eclipse 1.80
1885 Bob Caruthers St. Louis Browns 2.07
1886 Dave Foutz St. Louis Browns 2.11
1887 Elmer Smith Cincinnati Red Stockings 2.94
1888 Silver King St. Louis Browns 1.64
1889 Jack Stivetts St. Louis Browns 2.25
1890 Scott Stratton Louisville Colonels 2.36
1891 Ed Crane Cincinnati Kelly's Killers 2.45

Liga Federal
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1914 Claude Hendrix Chicago Chi-Feds 1.69
1915 Earl Moseley Newark Pepper 1.91

Liga de los Jugadores
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1890 Silver King Chicago Pirates 2.69

Union Association
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1890 Jim McCormick Cincinnati Outlaw Reds 1.54

National Association
Año Jugador Equipo (s) ERA
1871 George Zettlein Chicago White Stockings 2.73
1872 Al Spalding Boston Red Stockings 1.98
1873 Cherokee Fisher Athletic of Philadelphia 1.81
1874 Bobby Mathews New York Mutuals 2.30
1875 Al Spalding Boston Red Stockings 1.52

Referencias
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